Transport and Tourism Wales Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Transport and Tourism Wales - Essay Example Other than this, significant distance transports just as cable cars additionally go inside the courses to Bangor to Aberystwyth, Aberystwyth to Cardiff, Aberystwyth to Cardigan and Brecon to Newtown and numerous others. Not just this, national express working significant distance intercity mentor administrations are available inside the nation of Wales. Because of which, the versatility of shipping people and merchandise starting with one spot then onto the next additionally turned out to be very simpler and less expensive when contrasted with others. This aided in the improvement of the travel industry along these lines pulling in enormous cluster of sightseers towards this spot making it increasingly eminent. Thus, Wales is perceived as one of the well known traveler goal in the whole globe with very nearly 8078,900 guests. Because of which, the yearly turnover of the business gets upgraded by about ?3.5 billion along these lines intensifying the gross worth included (GVA) of the e conomy of Wales to about ?44.517 billion. Thus, the economy of Wales turned into the tenth biggest one among different areas of UK. Not just this, the vehicle and the travel industry of Wales contributes about 13.3% in the national GDP along these lines upgrading its situation in the whole globe among others. Next to each other, advancement of the travel industry additionally helped in a difficult situation of joblessness in this way introducing employments to nearly 8% of the workforces. Subsequently, it may be uncovered that transport goes about as the spine that helps in the improvement of the business of the travel industry in the district of Wales in UK. Along these lines, so as to improve the yearly turnover of the vehicle and the travel industry, the administration of Wales chose to present the activity of green or economical vehicle inside the travel industry. The prime goal of the idea of green vehicle is to introduce protected and agreeable excursion at the hour of visitin g the traveler spots of Wales. One next to the other, to lessen over reliance over vehicles as it emanates high thickness of carbon dioxide along these lines making clog and contamination too. In this way, the administration is attempting to offer more focus over practical methods, for example, cycle or by strolling or open vehicles. Alongside this, the legislature is additionally attempting to create eco-the travel industry parks and assortment of green national stops in order to improve the idea of supportable the travel industry activity in and around Wales. Along these lines, it may be expressed that the activity of green vehicle inside the business of the travel industry demonstrated very effective in upgrading the financial state of the area of Wales in the whole UK among different areas. This paper primarily contains four sections featuring the targets and points of actualizing the activity of green vehicle and the travel industry inside the district of Wales. Alongside this, it additionally incorporates the positive effects of such activities inside the locale of Wales in order to diminish the effects of contamination. It likewise includes a concise examination and discoveries of the activity of green vehicle and the travel industry alongside an end. Conversation Green Transport and Tourism activity in Wales In today’s period, most extreme degree of the individual want to visit differed travelers puts in request to lessen the overwhelming outstanding tasks at hand. Because of such underlining want, the furor of wandering improved altogether. Notwithstanding,

Cloud research Free Essays

In spite of the fact that they cooperated for a year, Peterson battled to connect the separation among Www and herself. Over lunch, Peterson adulated Wow’s endeavors to widen his expert range of abilities by going to end of the week deals courses and systems administration with associates to more readily comprehend the business. These endeavors, she noted, without a doubt added to his achievement in holding his enormous, yet just, customer. We will compose a custom exposition test on Cloud inquire about or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now Peterson then helped Www to remember her interests. â€Å"Fred, I’d Like to advise you that your essential spotlight ought to be on new business. It appears as though you re investing an excessive amount of energy dealing with your one customer, and that’s not your employment. Peterson proceeded, â€Å"As Vive referenced previously, I’d like to be stayed informed concerning your advancement endeavors, so I know when and in the event that you need assistance from me, or another person In the organization. I anticipate that you should sum up your endeavors at regular intervals on our online deals device, similar to every other person in the group. In the event that you invested more energy in the workplace, I’d have a superior feeling of your business. Besides, I’m certain you’d gather some supportive selling methods from your associates. † Finally, Peterson scrutinized the estimation of the costly extra administrations Www had offered to his customer so right off the bat In the relationship. Www guaranteed Peterson that all income booked?including extra administrations? begun at his client’s demand. He accentuated that the systems administration regard done in the Chinese people group was going to pay off: he expected to sign three significant new customers In the coming quarter. Www at that point expressed that, since he was going to turn into the best deals official In the Plano office, he required his own business right hand to answer his telephone and perform authoritative undertakings. Peterson trusted her face didn’t register her disappointment at Wow’s demand. Just the most senior sales reps at Accountancy, some of whom Juggled in excess of 30 records, had their own business collaborators. The remainder of Accountancy’s sales reps shared colleagues. What was Www thinking? Exclusively as a reason for class conversation and not as a support, a wellspring of essential information, or a representation of successful or inadequate administration. Albeit dependent on genuine occasions and notwithstanding intermittent references to real organizations, this case is imaginary and any similarity to real people or elements is unplanned. Copyright 0 2013 President and Fellows of Harvard College. To arrange duplicates or solicitation authorization to create materials, call 1-800-545-7685, compose Harvard Business Publishing, Boston, MA 02163, or go to http://www. Hobs. Harvard. Deed. This distribution may not be digitized, copied, or in any case duplicated, posted, or transmitted, without the authorization of Harvard Business School. This archive is approved for utilize just by Chugging You in Fall 2014 Engaging and Empowering People instructed by Bobbie Ships Texas Christian University from September 2014 to October 2014. 913-560 | Wendy Peterson Accountancy: Background Accountancy was established in 1988 by Will Gleason, a previous bookkeeper, and Travis Harriman, a product engineer. Gleason, a senior official at an enormous national bookkeeping firm, felt that a considerable lot of the back-office bookkeeping capacities his firm gave to customers could be mechanized. Gleason imagined, and Harriman constructed, a back-office bookkeeping programming item intended for what they felt was an undeserved market: little and medium-sized organizations, particularly those with yearning development targets. It was simple for organizations to adjust the Accountancy item as their needs changed or extended, on account of the particular structure of the product and a thorough set-up of extra alternatives. Gleason developed associations with nearby financial specialists and investors to pick up introduction to potential customers. The organizers accepted that their upper hand would come from their boss programming as well as from their solid customer connections, a mix that organizations making off-the-rack bookkeeping items or huge bookkeeping firms were probably not going to recreate. The authors additionally accepted that a level authoritative structure and collegial culture would limit workplace issues, reinforce worker spirit, and increase organization execution. Before long their plan of action started to pay off. The item was â€Å"sticky’: when organizations executed the product (a one-time establishment cost somewhere in the range of $25,000 and $100,000 relying upon the extent of wanted administrations) and prepared representatives on its utilization, they were probably going to restore their yearly agreements. Bookkeepers customer reestablishment rate was 25% over the business normal, and most customers held administrations for in any event four years. In 2010, the firm earned about $100 million in incomes, and utilized in excess of 400 representatives in ten territorial workplaces situated in southern California, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. That equivalent year, notwithstanding, the multiplication of reasonable, off-the-hellfire bookkeeping programming, joined with a wavering economy, drove down incomes; three of its locales. The authors resigned and the new CEO was resolved to reignite the company’s development. He supplanted the VPs of deals in various workplaces with the company’s most ambitious youthful deals chiefs. Every wa given forceful development targets. On the off chance that the income objectives were met or surpassed, the new pioneers and their business groups would get a significant reward. Wendy Peterson was one of the advanced workers. She was named VP of deals for Accountants Plano, Texas, office. After counsel with her boss, one of four local senior VPs of deals, she consented to develop the incomes of her failing to meet expectations office by 40% in two years. Bookkeeping Sales Organization Salespeople (by and large alluded to as deals administrators) contributed a lot of time becoming acquainted with customers and their organizations before presenting an underlying proposition and giving the record to a die hard loyalty group. When an individual from the business group marked or recharged a customer contract, everyday obligation regarding item usage and administration moved to an Accountancy account administration am. Deals administrators spoke with account administration groups to stay up to date with usage challenges and of potential extra administrations that their customers may require. For new sales reps, the underlying center was effort. Albeit a portion of the sales reps originated from contenders, most originated from deals or item the executives positions in other programming or administrations Wendy Peterson | 913-560 organizations. New salesmen were relied upon to mine and influence their own systems and to inquire about, cold pitch, and develop their own arrangements of neighborhood possibilities. In contrast to the greater part of Accountants representatives, who were salaried, yearly pay for deals workers (about 20% of the company’s workers) incorporated a base pay segment (half of yearly pay) and a commission segment (half of yearly pay). Heightening motivations existed for surpassing objective income objectives. On the off chance that business representatives met or surpassed their yearly budgetary targets and expressed proficient advancement objectives, they were qualified for base pay increments. Despite the fact that the salesmen for the most part worked freely of one another, there were provincial deals representative got a level reward installment ($7,000 in 2010). Complete insemination went from $100,000 for first-year sales reps to $1 for Accountants most experienced project supervisors. Foundation Peterson Joined Accountancy subsequent to graduating at the highest point of her Ivy League college class in 2000 with a degree in financial matters. An energetic specialist with an inquisitive brain, she exceeded expectations as a Junior director on a progression of record administration groups and earned heavenly audits from the two customers and associates. By age 28, Peterson was overseeing account administration groups herself. Said Peterson: After six years chipping away at and overseeing customer commitment, I was prepared for a change; deals appeared to be a difficult, and possibly remedial, opportunity. I was apprehensive, however, about fitting in with the business association; all things considered, I’d never worked in direct deals or shut new business. So I read books on differing deals methodologies, went to end of the week deals courses, and mentioned to shadow two of the best deals chiefs (few deals officials were elevated to the title of deals executive to mirror their outstanding exhibition or residency) in my office for the principal month. Vive frequently been portrayed as a â€Å"doer†?if I see an opportunity to help, I don’t Just propose a thought and sit tight for another person to assume responsibility. I like to do things myself. Subsequent to Joining Accountants deals group it struck me that our senior deals staff profited most from repeating income from our biggest, longstanding clients. Their business was consistent and required little exertion. Junior-level deals administrators like me, then again, stayed at work longer than required to land new records and earned far not exactly experienced deals executives. As the weight from the executives to drive new business expanded, I initiated a volunteer coaching program among Junior and senior deals experts. The more experienced experts bestowed deals and customer the board intelligence to their Junior partners, as a byproduct of â€Å"free† help on enormous records. Fellowship spiked and, I think, an unforeseen advantage was that concentrating on new business again strengthened senior individuals from the business group. I was one of only a handful not many deals representatives who acquired bunches of new business to Accountancy in 2008 in spite of the worldwide monetary emergency; not long after I was elevated to deal with the Plano deals association. To me, the Plano group I acquired appeared separated; I accepted that changing the culture?by making my group nearer and the workplace more collegial?would support profitability and incomes

What You Should Know About Loneliness

What You Should Know About Loneliness Psychotherapy Print The Health Consequences of Loneliness Causes and Health Consequences of Feeling Lonely By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Reviewed by Reviewed by Amy Morin, LCSW on July 01, 2019 facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our Wellness Board Amy Morin, LCSW Updated on December 09, 2019 More in Psychotherapy Online Therapy Loneliness is a universal human emotion that is both complex and unique to each individual. Because it has no single common cause, the prevention and treatment of this potentially damaging state of mind can vary dramatically. For example, a lonely child who struggles to make friends at his school has different needs than a lonely old man whose wife has recently died. In order to understand loneliness, its important to take a closer look at exactly what we mean by the term lonely, as well as the various causes, health consequences, symptoms, and potential treatments for loneliness. Illustration by Brianna Gilmartin, Verywell Definition of Loneliness While common definitions of loneliness describe it as a state of solitude or being alone, loneliness is actually a state of mind. Loneliness is defined by researchers as defined as feeling lonely more than once a week. ?? Loneliness causes people to feel empty, alone, and unwanted. People who are lonely often crave human contact, but their state of mind makes it more difficult to form connections with other people. Loneliness, according to many experts, is not necessarily about being alone. Instead, if you feel alone and isolated, then that is how loneliness plays into your state of mind. For example, a college freshman might feel lonely despite being surrounded by roommates and other peers. A soldier beginning his military career might feel lonely after being deployed to a foreign country, despite being constantly surrounded by other troop members. Causes of Loneliness Contributing factors to lonliness include situational variables, such as physical isolation, moving to a new location, and divorce??. The death of someone significant in a persons life can also lead to feelings of loneliness. Additionally, it can be a symptom of a psychological disorder such as depression.?? Loneliness can also be attributed to internal factors such as low self-esteem. People who lack confidence in themselves often believe that they are unworthy of the attention or regard of other people. This can lead to isolation and chronic loneliness. Health Risks Associated With Loneliness Loneliness has a wide range of negative effects on both physical and mental health??, including: Depression and suicideCardiovascular disease and strokeIncreased stress levelsDecreased memory and learningAntisocial behaviorPoor decision-makingAlcoholism and drug abuseThe progression of Alzheimers diseaseAltered brain function These are not the only areas in which loneliness takes its toll. Lonely adults get less exercise than those who are not lonely. ??Their diet is higher in fat, their sleep is less efficient, and they report more daytime fatigue. Loneliness also disrupts the regulation of cellular processes deep within the body, predisposing us to premature aging. What Research Suggests About Loneliness Researchers have found that low levels of loneliness are associated with marriage, higher incomes, and higher educational status. High levels of loneliness are associated with physical health symptoms, living alone, small social networks, and low-quality social relationships.?? Having Close Friends Can Help Combat Loneliness Researchers also suggest that loneliness is becoming more common in the United States. Since 1985, the number of people in the U.S. with no close friends has tripled.?? The rise of the internet and ironically, social media, are  partially to blame . Experts believe that it is not the quantity of social interaction that combats loneliness, but its the quality. Having just three or four close friends is enough to ward off loneliness and reduce the negative health consequences associated with this state of mind. Loneliness Can Be Contagious One study suggests that loneliness may actually be contagious. In a ten-year study, researchers examined how loneliness spreads in social networks. The results indicated that people close to someone experiencing loneliness were 52% more likely to become lonely as well.?? Tips to Prevent and Overcome Loneliness Loneliness can be overcome. It does require a conscious effort on your part to make a change. Making a change, in the long run, can make you happier, healthier, and enable you to impact others around you in a positive way. Here are some ways to prevent loneliness: Recognize that loneliness is a sign that something needs to change.Understand the effects that loneliness has on your life, both physically and mentally.Consider doing community service or another activity that you enjoy. These situations present great opportunities to meet people and cultivate new friendships and social interactions.Focus on developing quality relationships with people who share similar attitudes, interests, and values with you.Expect the best. Lonely people often expect rejection, so instead focus on positive thoughts and attitudes in your social relationships.

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The Five Business Ethics Myths Essay - 879 Words

Common Ethics Misconceptions Trevino Brown (2004) in Academy of Management Executives talked about the five business ethics myths. 1. It is easy to be ethical 2. Unethical behavior in business results from bad people 3. A formal code of ethics is the easiest way to manage them 4. Principled leadership revolves around your leaders 5. At one time, people appeared to be more ethical Pundits and business leaders say being ethical is straightforward when being ethical is complex. This notion presumes individuals recognize they are facing an ethical dilemma and are ascertaining how to reach the proper conclusion. The problem with this assumption is business leaders do not comprehend they are facing an ethical issue. Firing unethical employees to eliminate the ethical issues superficially addresses the problem. A company must explore the ethical culture in their organization. There is a connection between having a strong organizational culture and acting in an ethical ma nner. In a study conducted by Lorenzo (2007), he found a company must commit to obey the law, and to serve the purpose of the law. One or two individuals cannot effect change; it requires buy-in from the entire organization. Employees tend to be followers when it comes to ethics, and it is imperative for a leader to model ethical business practices. Prominent ethical business leaders need to demonstrate exemplary behavior to their employees. Unethical business practicesShow MoreRelatedPersonal Views Ethics Essay1083 Words   |  5 PagesViews Ethics Essay Each person should live with moral standards. To distinguish between the right and wrong is based on the person’s ethics. It describes what kind of values and beliefs does the person has. In business, it composed of standard ethics that serves as a guideline among employees about their expectation to the company. Newell S. stated that ethics in business focuses on identifying the moral standards of right and wrong as they apply to behaviour within and across business institutionsRead MoreThe Issue Of Business Ethics Essay1359 Words   |  6 Pagessome â€Å"normal† oxymorons such as â€Å"jumbo shrimp, passive aggressive, awfully good, The Great Depression,† and of course, â€Å"business ethics.† In terms of â€Å"business ethics,† the common misconception still remains that the word, â€Å"business† and the word, â€Å"ethics† should never be adjacent. Primarily, I find this misconception offensive, but also blatantly incorrect. As a rising business employee, I look forward to continually proving this â€Å"oxymoron† incorrect by utilizing the skills I learn to further bothRead More21200 Words   |  5 Pagesits respondents are starting a new business to take advantage of an attractive opportunity or because of necessity to earn an income. High-income countries——attractive opportunity. Low-income country —— earn income.   3. What evidence is available suggesting that the often reported statistic that 9 out of 10 new businesses fail is an exaggeration? What is a more realistic failure rate for new firms? According to Brian Headd, an economist for the U.S. Small Business Administration, after four yearsRead MoreChapter 1 Business Ethics2294 Words   |  10 Pageschapter 1 BUSINESS ETHICS, THE CHANGING ENVIRONMENT, AND STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT |TOPICS COVERED | 1.1 Business Ethics and the Changing Environment 1.2 WHAT IS BUSINESS ETHICS? WHY DOES IT MATTER? 1.3 LEVELS OF BUSINESS ETHICS 1.4 FIVE MYTHS ABOUT BUSINESS ETHICS 1.5 WHY USE ETHICAL REASONING IN BUSINESS? 1.6 CAN BUSINESS ETHICS BE TAUGHT AND TRAINEDRead MoreThe Best War Ever : America And World War II1362 Words   |  6 Pagesof the book implies, The United States left the war with a great optimistic view of the these â€Å"glorious† five years. The United States as a population had been tricked into believing in the, at times, fabricated conditions of its history that had been presented to people as some beautiful stories and myths where nations are viewed as being first-rate in union and morality. These so-called myths were created out of several factors. Because of Hollywood, the vast amounts of government propaganda, andRead MoreRelation Of Ethics With Ict Industry1485 Words   |  6 PagesINTRODUCTION:- This essay describes relation of ethics with ICT industry. Business ethics is a social science, whose primary point is to characterize and analyse the obligations of organizations and their operators as a piece of the general good environment of a given society. The results of this field of examination are sets of guidelines and codes of behaviour’s, which serve as a method for security from the conceivable encroachments of good codes therefore from the general exercises and obligationsRead MoreEthical Assessment Of The Coffee Shop1446 Words   |  6 Pagesthat play a critical role in helping achieve the right organizational culture. Some of these include personal moral intensity, social ties, codes of ethics, locus of control and Machiavellianism. These determinants play a crucial role in helping an organization achieve the ethical standards. Moreover, organizational culture determines that how business is conducted in an organization. It impacts organizational decision maki ng process, punishment and reward system and response of organization to environmentalRead MoreBusiness Ethics8707 Words   |  35 PagesINTRODUCTION 3 3. RIMS 4 3.1 EVALUATION OF ALL POINTS OF VIEW 4 3.2 IMPLICATIONS 6 3.3 SOLUTION 6 4. THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO BUSINESS ETHICS 7 4.1 SOCIAL SCIENTIFIC POSITION 7 4.2 MANAGERIAL POSITION 7 4.3 ORGANISATIONAL INTEREST POSITION 8 4.4 ETHICAL GUIDANCE POSITION 9 4.5 ETHICAL CONTROL POSITION 9 4.6 ETHICAL DEVELOPMENT POSITION 10 5. MYTHS 11 5.1 DOG EAT DOG 11 5.2 IT’S NOT SO SERIOUS 11 5.3 IF YOU CAN’T BEAT THEM JOIN THEM 12 5.4 SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST 12 5Read MoreComplete Guide to Ethics Management: an Ethics Toolkit for Managers10784 Words   |  44 PagesGuide to Ethics Management: An Ethics Toolkit for Managers Written by Carter McNamara, MBA, PhD, Authenticity Consulting, LLC. Copyright 1997-2008. (This guide is located at http://www.managementhelp.org/ethics/ethxgde.htm on the Web.) The profession of business ethics has long needed a highly practical resource that is designed particularly for leaders and managers -- those people charged to ensure ethical practices in their organizations. Unfortunately, far too many resources about business ethicsRead MoreBalancing Work Life and Home Life1308 Words   |  6 Pagesremedies shown in the general media require greater integration of work and home, findings have indicated a greater need for separation of the two. The myth of separate worlds, describes a process whereby management acts as if the employee’s home world did not exist; that is, as if the work world were everything. Many managers maintain this myth, even though they knew home life had a major impact on work and organizational life, and vice versa. But, on the other hand, many organizations value the

The Universal Commercial Code ( Ucc ) - 1345 Words

Issue #1 The issue is whether the UCC is applies to the alleged offer and acceptance made between Kevin and the department store. Rule The Universal Commercial Code (UCC) governs transactions in goods, which are all things that are tangible and movable at the time of identification to the contract for sale, and the common law governs transactions involving services provided by professionals. When a mixed contract exists involving both goods and services, most courts use the predominate factor test to determine if the contract is predominately for a good or a service Analysis Here, the UCC applies- not the common law- because the alleged offer made by the department store included the sale of baseball caps and gold necklaces which are†¦show more content†¦The offer was properly communicated because the offer was in written form in the newspaper, making it sufficient for communicating the offer. Here, the offer was committed because the department store posted in the add in the newspaper that explicitly stated â€Å"first come first serve† and â€Å"out they go.† The department store also included that the sale was to be on Saturday, October 19th substantiating the adds commitment. The add specifically states stipulations for obtaining the goods and asserted their willingness to sell the both the necklace and the caps to who ever meets their requirments. When the department store published the add in the newspaper, the offer was committed because the department store conveyed their willingness to enter into a bargain. Under the term s that the store drafted, it conveyed that they were bound by contract. Here the offer was definite in its terms because the department store included subject matter, price, and quantity in its advertisement. The terms and conditions written in the department store’s advertisement states, â€Å"8 baseball caps, assorted logos Out they go Saturday, October 19, each . . . $3.00† and â€Å"1 gold dolphin necklace on a 20-inch chain Worth $135.00 Now selling for $30.00 FIRST COME . . . FIRST SERVED.† In this statement a price and quantity are included, $3.00 for the 8 caps and a price of $30.00 for the necklace on a 20in chain is specifically stated for sale on Saturday, October 19th. The items themselves areShow MoreRelatedWeek 2 CaseStudyEx Essay1032 Words   |  5 Pagesbe the balance due for soybeans sold to MFA. This case presents for the first time in Missouri the question of whether or not a farmer may be considered a merchant under the Uniform Commercial Co de,  § 400.2-201, RSMo 1969. A number of states have held a farmer may qualify as a merchant under these sections of the UCC. The case which this court finds to be the better reasoned of all of the cases which has considered the question is  Nelson v. Union Equity Co-op. Exchange,  548 S.W.2d 352  (Texas 1977)Read MoreWhat Should You Do Business With Marshall?1254 Words   |  6 Pagesyour company have? During the interaction of evaluating business ties with Marshall, claims of interest were brought forth such as a supplier contract and requirements of implied duty and good faith in fair dealing in compliance with the Universal Commercial Code (UCC). The supplier-client contract in question is not legally binding due to the fact that it was not signed by a legal representative of the company. In addition, the contract was signed by a minor. â€Å"The limitations on a minor s abilityRead MoreAssignment For This Week Is Enforceable Contracts967 Words   |  4 Pagesenforceable contracts. In an effort to determine if a contract is enforceable, there first has to be the basic understanding of a contract. According to Sequist, it is important to know that contract law is governed by common law or the Uniform Commercial Code. (Sequist, 2012) A contract is considered a legally binding document. (Matt and Fleming, 2012) Due to this fact, it important that all parties involved have a full understanding of what the contract entails in the event that some form of ligationRead More The Universal commercial Code Essay634 Words   |  3 Pages The Universal commercial Code ( UCC) has been created to foster the free flow of commercial activity in the United States by making laws that are both reasonable and practical. Article 3 of this code deals with negotiable instruments. These contracts for payment serve as a substitute for actual money and make the flow of commerce move along at a faster rate. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;There are certain requirements that must be met for an item to be qualified as a negotiable instrument. FirstRead MoreThe Contract Law Of The United States3076 Words   |  13 Pagesto  the States.[10] Contract Legal Codes The Legal Codes of The Republic’s Constitutive States and Contract Law The individual state legislatures have put into effect their own legal  codes  covering contract and commercial law. Louisiana uses a civil law code, and the other states use common law. The Universal Commercial Code is  an example of a legal code put into effect by the states. Transactions in goods in the USA are what the Uniform Commercial Code governs. The mirror image rule, whereRead MoreBusiness Law And Ethics : Attorney Guidance5895 Words   |  24 Pages Business Law and Ethics Attorney Guidance to an Entrepreneur â€Æ' Constitutional Rights: The first amendment was made for protection of speech and commercial speech. There are many entrepreneurs that are selling information and parts of the constitution will protect those businesses as they have liberty to economic freedom as well (Bonham, 2013). 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The parties affected by this case were Indian Government, The Union Carbide Corporation(UCC) in US, the employees of Union Carbide India Limited(UCIL), the labour workers who stay near the manufacturing plant, the people live in the residential area adjacent to Union Carbide Corporation and the squatters existed before the opening of the manufacturingRead MoreGuidelines And Negotiating Conditions Precedent8952 Words   |  36 Pagesproperty mortgages, †¢ account control agreements, †¢ collateral access agreements, †¢ certificates representing pledged equity (for example, stock certificates, certificated LLC membership interests), †¢ pledged promissory notes, and †¢ Uniform Commercial Code financing statements. For more information on security deliverables, see Deliverables Relating to Personal Property Collateral and the Perfection of the Secured Party’s Security Interest [ADD LINK]. 4. 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Answer (d) is incorrect because copyrights taken out by corporations or businesses are valid for 100 years from creation of the copyrighted item or 75 years from its publication, whichever is shorter

Sustainability and Environmental Studies for Emission Reduction

Question: Discuss about theSustainability and Environmental Studies for Emission Reduction. Answer: CO2 emission effects and reductions Carbon dioxide formulates the entire share of greenhouse gases. The accumulation of manmade greenhouse gases to the atmosphere influences the radiative balance of earth adversely. This enhances the temperature of earths surface and to linked effects on agriculture, climate and see level rise. While cooking food or burning plastics or wasteful things, it generates CO2. There are two kind of sources such as natural and human of carbon dioxide emission. The component of natural sources includes ocean releases, respiration and decomposition. The activities of human sources which can be the reason of carbon dioxide emission are cement production, deforestation along with burning of fossils fuels such as oil, coal and natural gas (Cui, Fan, Zhu and Bi, 2014). Carbon dioxide is colorless and non-poisonous gas which is generated by burning of wood and other material of organic and fossil fuels like petroleum, coal and natural gas. Emission refers to the discharge of greenhouse gases and their forerunner in to the atmosphere over a certain area and period of time. It is the essay which will reflect the issue of CO2 emission and its possible minimization with taking support of relevant data. Carbon footprint is poisonous for the world and the reason behaving being bad for the world is that carbon emission contributes in the change of climate which can have the severe result for human and their environment. Fossil fuel is the main reason of increasing the carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases (Friedlingstein, et. al., 2014). Carbon emission enhances the temperature of global by trapping the solar energy in the atmosphere. CO2 emission can be measured and it emitted from the fatigue pipe of cars and measured in grams per kilometer. New cars are tested in the laboratory on a rolling road but the production is dependent on the combined cycle in which a diversity of driving conditions is simulated. The union of European facing stagnation in the reduction of emission after competing more than 4 years of reducing emission that is by an average 3% per year from 2011 to 2014. The sum of emission of EU has reached3.5 gigatons (Gt) CO2 in 2015. Emission increased in the part of southern European countries that is Italy and Spain. The rate of increased emission in Italy and Spain was 5% and 7% respectively. It is done due to more consumption of coal that is 24% in Spain. Along with that the main contribution in emission of Italy is in the consumption of oil and natural gases. It has been analyzed that there are so many countries that contributes their efforts in the reduction of emission that is Finland, United Kingdom and Denmark. They decreased emission 4% to 10% in 2015. The support of renewable energy resources is increased in the European Union by 15% in which hydropower was not included. Hydropower is known as hydroelectric power plant which is taken in use to store water in a t ank. With the support of turbine and spinning water is being released which turn activities into generate electricity. It has been studied in the report of Olivier, Janssens-Maenhout, Muntean, Jeroen , (2016), that the amount of hydropower in the European Union denied by 8% which has huge influence over the country of Spain, Italy Portugal and France. The weather of there is less favorable and due to this the range of sum of renewable electricity enhanced by 7% to 30% of the sum of electricity production. There are different trends in the largest emitting countries and regions such as China, United States, India and European Union. The CO2 emission of China is decreased in 2015 by about 0.6%. It was done for the reason of declining in coal consumption. Coal is considered as the dominant fossil fuel in the sectors of non-transport such as industry, power generations and residential services (Hasanbeigi, Morrow, Sathaye, Masanet and Xu, 2013). Figure 1: Global CO2 emission per region Source: (Olivier, Janssens-Maenhout, Muntean, Jeroen , 2016). The range of CO2 is decreased in the United States by 2.5% to 5% billion tones. It has been analyzed that reduction in emission was in the sector of electric power because of shifting of coal to natural gas utilized in the production of electricity. On the other hand the demand of the electricity remained stable since 2005. The reduction in electricity was similar distinguished over the commercial, industrial and residential sector (Hola et. al., 2014). Another country is India, India sustained to enhance its CO2 emissions to 2.47 billion tones in 2015, which was observed higher in comparison of 2014. If the contribution of India is remained same with this average growth rate, it will exceed the sum of emission in the European Union by 2020. The increment of CO2 emission is mainly done by the cause of oil and coal consumption. The coal consumption should be concerned appropriately because it has been evaluated that in 2014, India has exceeded the limit of coal consumption and become the second largest country after China (Kanemoto, Moran, Lenzen and Geschke, 2014). It has been concluded that due to carbon footprint many countries get influences adversely. The essay has been made on CO2 emission reduction. Many countries have been discussed in the context of emission of CO2. The issue has been focused in this research which is liable to enhance the emission. Brief description about CO2 emission in the European Union, United States, India, Spain, Italy and China has been discussed. There are so many reasons which are liable behind increasing emission within the country. These are oil and gas, cement production, iron and steel production and industrial sources. There are so many companies that raise voice and fight against emission. There is certain law has been made to reduce the CO2 emission. References Cui, L.B., Fan, Y., Zhu, L. and Bi, Q.H., 2014, How will the emissions trading scheme save cost for achieving Chinas 2020 carbon intensity reduction target?.Applied Energy,136, pp.1043-1052. Friedlingstein, P., Andrew, R.M., Rogelj, J., Peters, G.P., Canadell, J.G., Knutti, R., Luderer, G., Raupach, M.R., Schaeffer, M., Van Vuuren, D.P. and Le Qur, C., 2014, Persistent growth of CO2 emissions and implications for reaching climate targets.Nature geoscience,7(10), p.709. Hasanbeigi, A., Morrow, W., Sathaye, J., Masanet, E. and Xu, T., 2013, A bottom-up model to estimate the energy efficiency improvement and CO 2 emission reduction potentials in the Chinese iron and steel industry.Energy,50, pp.315-325. Hola, K., Bourlinos, A.B., Kozak, O., Berka, K., Siskova, K.M., Havrdova, M., Tucek, J., Safarova, K., Otyepka, M., Giannelis, E.P. and Zboril, R., 2014, Photoluminescence effects of graphitic core size and surface functional groups in carbon dots: COO induced red-shift emission.Carbon,70, pp.279-286. Kanemoto, K., Moran, D., Lenzen, M. and Geschke, A., 2014, International trade undermines national emission reduction targets: New evidence from air pollution.Global Environmental Change,24, pp.52-59. Liu, C., Lu, M., Cui, J., Li, B. and Fang, C., 2014, Effects of straw carbon input on carbon dynamics in agricultural soils: a meta?analysis.Global change biology,20(5), pp.1366-1381. Olivier, sJ., G .,H., Janssens-Maenhout, G., Muntean, M., Jeroen A.,H.,W., 2016, Trends in Global CO2 emissions: 2016 report, Retrieved on 30th September 2016, from: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/news_docs/jrc-2016-trends-in-global-co2-emissions-2016-report-103425.pdf.

The Influences Upon Steven Berkoff Essay Example For Students

The Influences Upon Steven Berkoff Essay Upon analyzing Steven Berkoff as a practician I have ever deeply noted that his theories are really hard to specify due to their of all time altering and various nature. The deficiency of official certification on Berkoff s theories makes it particularly difficult to to the full grok what precisely the Berkovian public presentation manner involves and dictates. Fortunately he has written a few diaries which chronicle the dry run and originative procedure he has gone through for his assorted productions. Among these publications is Mediations on Metamorphosis ( 1995 ) , a diary of Berkoff s clip spent in Japan directing the ten percent major production of Metamorphosis, and Coriolanus in Deutschland ( 1992 ) which chronicles the dry run procedure for his 1988 production of Coriolanus in Munich, Germany. However, these diaries are chiefly autobiographical and lack much theoretical context. In 1969, Steven Berkoff presented the introduction of his version of Frank Kafka s Metamorphosis at the Round House Theatre in London. This production was important because Berkoff helping for the first clip as writer/adapter, manager, and histrion in a full-length undertaking presented an aesthetic which would go identified as his artistic hallmark. Metamorphosiscombined elements of Brechtian Epic Theatre by utilizing histrions to purposefully stand for characters instead than go them ; Antonin Artaud s Theatre of Cruelty by interrupting from traditional theater texts and inquiring the histrions to bare their interior ideas as if they were human-sacrifices to make ritualistic theaters ; Jean-Louis Barrault s total-theatre by utilizing all possible agencies to bring out the significance witting or otherwise of the drama ; and Jacques Le Coq s theories of mummer, motion, masks, and ensemble, by utilizing the performing artists to make the environment. Berkoff has besides been seen to integrate some of the ocular techniques used in Kabuki, a extremely stylized, extremely rh ythmic classicalJapanese signifier of theater. Kabuki music rises about the organic structure of the histrion. It does non enforce itself upon the histrion, but alternatively gives musical and rhythmic look to his motion, and in making so increases the flow of theatrical expressiveness toward the audience. ( 1974, p.113 ) Another facet of Nipponese Kabuki is apparent in Berkoff s traffics with masks and face pigment. We will write a custom essay on The Influences Upon Steven Berkoff specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Even though Berkoff appropriated production manners from others and adapted the spoken words from a novel, the terminal consequence was unambiguously Berkovian. In Mediation of Metamorphosis ( 1995 ) Berkoff seems to somewhat dispute person to specify his manner when he writes, More than of all time I feel my work develop into a sort of school, non by stiff expression but by larning certain techniques which expand your political orientation and communicating accomplishments. ( 1995, p.137 ) There are subjects that have undeniably remained comparatively changeless throughout Berkoff s work, subjects that can be seen as slightly of a base to the Berkovian theoretical model. These subjects I speak of are routed chiefly in the belief that the histrions inherent aptitudes should be trusted over all else and the occupation of theory is to assist arouse these inherent aptitudes. Berkoff s common subjects of extended physical look, transmutation, and over-exaggerated experimental accent up on the spoken word should hence be used as a agency to arouse and overstate the histrion instincts when covering with the character. The ambiance is in the sound which should come from the pharynxs of the histrions. Therefore their sound can command and magnify their state of affairs, since people make sounds every bit good as traveling and talking. This is entire and human, and in this manner you return to the histrion his mimetic gifts and his unwritten expressiveness. At the same clip one is seeing the state of affairs in human footings, as a narrative told to us by participants. ( Gambit, 1978, p.17 ) .uf12da472724d692786632d79edc2640c , .uf12da472724d692786632d79edc2640c .postImageUrl , .uf12da472724d692786632d79edc2640c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf12da472724d692786632d79edc2640c , .uf12da472724d692786632d79edc2640c:hover , .uf12da472724d692786632d79edc2640c:visited , .uf12da472724d692786632d79edc2640c:active { border:0!important; } .uf12da472724d692786632d79edc2640c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf12da472724d692786632d79edc2640c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf12da472724d692786632d79edc2640c:active , .uf12da472724d692786632d79edc2640c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf12da472724d692786632d79edc2640c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf12da472724d692786632d79edc2640c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf12da472724d692786632d79edc2640c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf12da472724d692786632d79edc2640c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf12da472724d692786632d79edc2640c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf12da472724d692786632d79edc2640c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf12da472724d692786632d79edc2640c .uf12da472724d692786632d79edc2640c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf12da472724d692786632d79edc2640c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Rough Life of a Lobster EssayBerkoff believes histrions should make their ain sounds and so breaks traditional mummer conventions. Like many of Le Coq s pupils, Berkoff freely changes the pure signifier of mummer to make his ain single manner. Surprisingly Le Coq encourages this pattern as it essential to his belief in leting the histrion to work as an person, believing it is of import to be unfastened and non to copy the manner of person else because you will neer be every bit good as he is. Each is better in his ain manner ( Lust, p.106 ) .In pulling from this infusion it is clear that I believe Berkoff is frequently sometimes regarded excessively extremely for ori ginating his public presentation manner when thought in peculiar about his direction of single development. Most of his public presentation manner is derived from Le Coq who has been proven to hold steadfast roots in the pattern of Commedia delle Arte. It seems that most of the Berkovian individualism stems from his Berkoff s ain idiosyncrasy. InModern and Post-Modern Mime, Thomas Leabhart summarizes the influences upon Le Coq: Lecoqsschool is one of those theaters that, instead than being a rsum of what has happened, has helped immature performing artists find new waies and so regenerate the theater. Lecoq s whole vision of the theater is like Copeau s, remain on the peripheries of the commercial theater, non desiring to give themselves to it as it exists. They, like their instructor, work apart, continue their artistic vision, nurture their strength, and steadily increase their power to act upon the class of theatre history. ( 1989, p.101-102 ) Like Lust s definition of postmodern mummer, Leabhart s sum-up of Le Coq s influence is applicable to Berkoff. Previously in 1973, Berkoff and The London Group declared their ain mission statement: To show play in the most critical manner conceivable ; to execute at the tallness of one s powers with all the available agencies. That is, through the spoken word, gesture, mummer and music. Sometimes the accent on one, sometimes on the other. ( Theatre Quarterly, 1978, p.39 ) This philosophical statement is an ideal illustration of the invariables that have remained throughout Berkoff s subsequent calling ; stylised motion, mummer, overdone vocal work, direct reference, asides, and improvisation are constituents of about every Berkovian public presentation. Berkoff expects histrions to willingly sacrifice themselves physically and emotionally, ready to execute whatever undertakings are necessary to light the text. When covering with texts, as a manager, Berkoff does non seek to bring forth a actual reproduction of texts on phase. It rare to see Berkoff trusting on the purpose of the writer, alternatively he uses the texts to relay his ain thoughts on phase. He has nt denied this. He said himself said that his version of Hamlet ( 1979 ) was a dissection of the drama ( I am Hamlet, 1989 ) , and his theatrical production of Agamemnon was attempted as an analysis of the drama instead than a realistic rendition. ( 2007, p.123 ) Berkoff preponderantly ever sees the set as his ain duty as he believes that it is critical in conformity with his desired aesthetic and theoretical projection. Most of the clip he is seen to utilize minimalist sets normally dwelling of one stationary prop, a couch or a tabular array for illustration. He believes that any mental environment desired can be created utilizing mummer and so it is unneeded for inordinate usage of props. Many of his plants have been performed in tight close one-fourth environments with extended usage of glowering visible radiation and shadow which seek to stress the physical presence on phase. Everlastingly on a pursuit for verve Berkoff is really prone to interrupt theatrical conventions, ensuing in a manner of to a great extent a contradictory nature. These contradictions are a partner of his finding to see how I could convey mime together with the spoken word as its opposite spouse, making the signifier and construction of the piece ( 1995, p.53 ) . Features such as this can be easy traced to his preparation with Jacques Le Coq, whom Thomas Leabhart, writer of And Post-Modern Mime ( 1989 ) , as modern learning mime to speak. ( 1989, p.101 ) To blend these antonyms, Berkoff relies on mummer, a traditionally soundless signifier, yet he cherishes the spoken word ; his productions are really extraordinary energy wise yet depend on great nuance ; the histrion should neer demo himself to be self-aware yet his presented ego is really much so ; Berkoff carefully choreographs motion yet he encourages improvisation. .u0a9e9c53cfa34d9ab4594777e202e338 , .u0a9e9c53cfa34d9ab4594777e202e338 .postImageUrl , .u0a9e9c53cfa34d9ab4594777e202e338 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0a9e9c53cfa34d9ab4594777e202e338 , .u0a9e9c53cfa34d9ab4594777e202e338:hover , .u0a9e9c53cfa34d9ab4594777e202e338:visited , .u0a9e9c53cfa34d9ab4594777e202e338:active { border:0!important; } .u0a9e9c53cfa34d9ab4594777e202e338 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0a9e9c53cfa34d9ab4594777e202e338 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0a9e9c53cfa34d9ab4594777e202e338:active , .u0a9e9c53cfa34d9ab4594777e202e338:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0a9e9c53cfa34d9ab4594777e202e338 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0a9e9c53cfa34d9ab4594777e202e338 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0a9e9c53cfa34d9ab4594777e202e338 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0a9e9c53cfa34d9ab4594777e202e338 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0a9e9c53cfa34d9ab4594777e202e338:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0a9e9c53cfa34d9ab4594777e202e338 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0a9e9c53cfa34d9ab4594777e202e338 .u0a9e9c53cfa34d9ab4594777e202e338-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0a9e9c53cfa34d9ab4594777e202e338:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Persuasive: Overpopulation EssayOther beginnings of Berkovian theory is rooted in interviews and short articles ( some of which Berkoff has written ) which have been printed in assorted diaries. One the most important of these articles titled Three Theatre Manifestos. ( 1978 ) In an interview nowadays in the Three Theatre Manisfestos ( 1978 ) Berkoff outlines his doctrine which, harmonizing to him, has changed little through the old ages ; he summarizes his theories by saying: In the terminal there is merely the histrion, his organic structure, head and voice The histrion exists without the drama he can improvize, be soundless, mummer, do sounds and be a informant. ( 1978, p.11 ) Another infusion from Three Theatre Manifestos depicts Berkoff sounding unusually similar to Antoni Artaud and his Threatre of Cruelty: Acting for me is the closest metaphor to human forfeit on the phase ; ( 1978, p.7 ) other echo the ideas of Brecht By depicting the accident, the informant becomes the accident ; he is at that place live overing it. ( 1978, p.11 ) The ocular elements of a Berkovian production are strikingly blunt. Classical Greek theater, Nipponese Kabuki, and Vsevelod Meyerhold s constructivism, are peculiarly influential on Berkoff s ocular aesthetic.By blending minimum sets with really theatrical costumes, masks, and lighting, the ocular focal point is on the histrion. Though the costumes draw attending to themselves, they serve to stress the performing artist and aid to make the environment and the word picture. To pull a decision on Berkoff s genuineness in theatre one must take at expression at his work in a broader sense. Berkoff s part and influence upon theater is clear, but his topographic point as a name in history in questionable. Berkoff s public presentation aesthetic will doubtless ever exist in assorted different signifiers but whether he will be credited with association is a inquiry for future historiographers. However because his work is exhaustively grounded in the plants of many celebrated theaters names his manner will doubtless be incorporated into many future creative persons works wittingly or non. Bibliography: Berkoff, S ( 1995 ) Mediations on Metamorphosis, London: Faber and Faber Berkoff, S ( 1978 ) Three Theatre Manifestos. Gambit vol.32 p.7-21 Berkoff, S ( 1989 ) I am Hamlet. New York: Grove Weidenfeld, Interview with Anthony Claire.Anthony Claire Show. BBC Radio, London. N. digital audiotape. Berkoff, S ( 1996 ) Agamemnon and The Fall of the House of Usher. Oxford: Amber Lane Press Elder, B ( 1978 ) Making the Inexpressible Uncommonly Well. Theatre Quarterly, p.37-43 Ernst, E ( 1974 ) The Kabuki Theatre, Hawaii, University of Hawaii Press Leabhart, T ( 1989 ) Modern and Post-Modern Mime. New York: St. Martin s. Lust, A ( 2000 ) From the Grecian Mimes to Marcel Marceau and Beyond: Mimes, Actors, Pierrots, and Clowns: A History Of The Many Visages Of Mime In Theatre. Kent, Scarecrow. Keefe, J ( 2007 ) Physical theaters: A Critical Reader, London, Routledge

Types of Digital Storage

Types of Digital Storage Free Online Research Papers Types of Storage While many types of storage exist today, one should strive to choose which type of storage is best for the situation. Some types of storage are hard disk, floppy disk, RAM, CD ROM, tape, and flash or jump Drive. While each type of storage is a type of storage that a person can be use to save personal or profession data not all storage devices are the same. This paper will attempt to explain the different type of storage. First, one should know the difference between secondary and main memory. Secondary storage also referred to as the auxiliary storage that holds information and software programs when the computer operator is not using the data. Secondary storage is more stable than the computer’s main memory, retaining information and software programs even with the computer powered off. Main memory also called primary storage refers to the physical memory that the computer retains inside the computer. The computer can only use information that is in the main memory bank. As a result, all software programs that the computer implements and all folders that are used are first copied from a secondary storage device into the computers main memory. Hard disk A hard disk is a magnetic disk used to store data from a computer. The expression hard is used to make a distinction the disk from a floppy disk. A hard disk can also referred to as the hard drive of a computer. The hard drive holds more data and is faster than a floppy disk when accessing saved data. The maximum storage for a floppy disk is 1.4 megabytes where the maximum storage for a hard drive can be 10 gigabytes and up. In most cases, hard drives are not as mobile as a floppy disk, even though detachable hard drives are in existence today. Floppy disk A floppy disk like the hard disk is also a magnetic disk used to store data from a computer. A floppy disk is made-up of a thin and floppy magnetic disc encased in a protective plastic shell. The floppy disk though convenient is easy to destroy or contaminate the data on the disk. The disk sometimes fails for no apparent reason and if the computer user has not backed up the data on the disk, they lose all information saved. The floppy disk has become increasingly obsolete since the invention of flash drives. RAM Random access memory (RAM) requires electrical energy to maintain the stored data. The expression random therefore, refers to the thought that every section of data can be returned in a timely manner, despite the position of the data or if data is connected to the preceding portion of information. The acronym RAM is mainly instructions or data that can be temporarily stored memory but that lose their contents if the current is turned off or disrupted (Stair Reynolds, 2006, p. 51). CD ROM Compact Disc Read-only Memory (CD ROM) is a disc that can contain information data a user can access but is not able to write information to the disc (2008). CD ROMs can store different types of data from music, games, and even software programs. Even though CD ROMs are a good source for receiving data, they cannot store any data unless they are rewriteable. Tape Two different forms cartridge or a cassette knows magnetic tape also called tape storage. The tape storage most common use is to perform backup of a large amount of information either nightly or on a weekly basis. Tape storage is generally low costing and has long shelf life making it the storage device of choice for a business. Tape drives allow for access of data in the sequence that the information was saved to the tape, while the hard drive that allows for random access to saved information. Tape drives are slower since they have to spend a large amount of time winding the tape to read they piece of data. Flash or Jump Drive Jump or Flash drive is a portable storage device integrated with a Universal Serial Bus (USB). Most operating systems support plug and play devices making the jump drive a popular choice for data storage. Jump or flash drives allow the user to backup files, store programs, music, and photos. The jump or flash drive is compact, allows for faster retrieval of files, holds extensive data and is rewriteable. The jump or flash drive has little or no moving parts making the drive more dependable. Since most computers manufactured today do not have, a floppy drive installed, and USB ports appear on almost any computer and laptop that are manufactured today. In conclusion, after researching the different types of storage devices the jump or flash drive seems to be the one that is growing to be the most widely used for storage. The jump drives allows for easier access to stored information. The jump or flash drive is easier to carry from place to place with out the fear of damage to the data. References (2008). Glossary of Terms . Retrieved October 12, 2008, from stiltonstudios.net/glossary.htm Stair, R. M., Reynolds, G. W. (2006). Fundamentals of Information Systems (3rd ed.). (M. Mendelsohn, Ed.). Boston, Massachusetts: Thomson Course Tech Research Papers on Types of Digital StorageIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfThree Concepts of PsychodynamicInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesResearch Process Part OneThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseOpen Architechture a white paperThe Project Managment Office SystemNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceEffects of Television Violence on Children

Managing Stress among Employees in an Out-Patient Setting Research Paper

Managing Stress among Employees in an Out-Patient Setting - Research Paper Example The various steps involved in monitoring the operation of proposed organizational changes and different communication techniques are described in this essay. The quality of proposed changes alone does not necessarily contribute to stress management; instead, the systematic and thoughtful implementation of those strategies also play vital role in building a culturally competent workforce in a healthcare setting. Hence, the organization must take appropriate steps to monitor the effectiveness of the proposed changes among employees in out-patient setting. Initially, it is advisable for the organization to appoint a project manager in order to carry out the policy implementation and monitoring processes effectively (Buzzle.com). This system should enable the organization to collect weekly or monthly performance reports regarding the newly introduced programs so that it can make adequate modifications to the running program. The ultimate beneficiaries of a stress management program are t he employees. Therefore, it is necessary to collect feedback from them regarding the usefulness of the introduced changes. For this purpose, the firm can make use of company website, by which it can acquire the employee feedback with the application of online voting methods. Similarly, the company can conduct general meetings for out-patient department so that the employees would get the opportunity to express their opinions in detail. The general meeting procedures will not be practical for big concerns; in such situations, it is advisable to conduct sessions for department supervisors’ who can act as the employee representatives. It is recommended that the organization should compare its turnover reports before and after the introduction of the proposed changes. If it does not show any noticeable difference in figures, the management can understand that implementation of the proposed changes was ineffective. According to McConnell (2007, p. 53) a sequence of related process es such as planning, organizing, directing, monitoring, and controlling constitute an organization. The active functioning of each of these processes requires the application of different systems and human resources. In short; humans, systems and processes are interrelated components which determine the efficiency of the proposed organizational change. The various systems and human elements play a big role from the planning phase to monitoring phase of an organizational change. The first process, planning involves some complex procedures and takes long time to get completed since it is the foundation for the following processes. In this phase, the management formulates various strategies after considering a wide range of factors such as size of the organization, byelaws, governmental regulations, human power, and other organizational features. Once a change is proposed, it transfers to the organizing phase. In order to introduce the proposed change successfully, a good organizing te am is necessary. Under this phase, various duties and responsibilities are subdivided into respective officials for the effective implementation of the plan. It is noted that the responsibilities of the officials will not be disposed just after the implementation phase since they need continuous monitoring and control over implemented changes so as to produce fruitful outcomes. The systematization and effectiveness of the above mentioned activities have a tremendous impact on the proposed orga

A Vision of Collaboration and Scholarly Community Research Paper

A Vision of Collaboration and Scholarly Community - Research Paper Example All stakeholders, including representatives of the parents, teachers, administration, the board members, and the educational leaders should develop a mutual consensus to develop a shared vision statement. For example, a survey should be conducted to know the demands and vision of the parents. In the survey, the parents should reveal what they want from the educational institute, as well as their viewpoints about the learning environment. Similarly, teachers’ representatives should also be interviewed to know their viewpoints about the creation of an interactive teaching and learning environment, as well as to get their viewpoints about the ultimate goal of the institute. Moreover, the board members should also reveal what they want to achieve and the ways to achieve those goals. For example, if they want to move the institute to the top ranks and through providing quality education to the students, then their vision statement should read like ‘To be the premier provider of education through the highest quality of learning and teaching standards’. After knowing the viewpoints of all stakeholders, a focused group discussion should be arranged in which the educational leader should put forward the viewpoints of all stakeholders on the table for discussion, analysis, and creation of a shared vision on which all stakeholders should agree. This is the way through which an educational leader can be successful in creating a shared vision among the stakeholders of the institute.

Case Study of the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill and the Resultant Changes

Case Study of the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill and the Resultant Changes Research report of this case study is regarding of the Exxon Valdez oil spill disaster. Exxon Mobil Corporation is found on 30th November 1999 by merging Exxon and Mobil and its the largest publicly traded companies in the world. It is in the rank of #1 or #2 for the past 5 years. By the time it reached March 1989, a worst tragedy took place where caused by one of the largest super tanker in the world Exxon Valdez. [1] Different products have developed constantly in respond to changing demand for better in petroleum refinery. There a lot of processes involve in refinery, but the four main processes is refinery, separation, conversion and purification operation processes. At first the use of refinery is to create kerosene as cheaper and better compare to whale oil. Since all vehicles and airplane is combustion engine, it created more needs for petroleum. The location of Prince William Sound is so deep in where it only can be access by plane and boat. Due to this, the government and particular industries that involve had a tough time cleaning the disaster. By this major disaster, environment, economic and social were the main aspects were affected badly. It has given a negative impact on the lifestyle of the people in Prince William Sound.[2] A lot of action has been taken in the oil refinery industry after the oil spill, such as Operation Integrated Management System (OIMS), better radar system and Coast Guard in Prince William Sound. Introduction 2.1 Problem Statement By such disaster occurring, the exposure and early prevention steps would be taken by the society. Engineers will be efficient as in; safety and the quality would play a big role for them in their career by knowing the consequences of the major disaster. 2.2 Objective 1. The aim and objectives 2. To observe oil and refinery industrial processes and operations and learn the cause of the disaster 3. Risks of the oil spill disaster and pollution that affected all areas that lead to the oil spill disaster and pollution 4. The consequences of all the hazards of the oil spill disaster 5. To improvise and the changes in the management systems to prevent from the disaster to occur 2.3 Overview This research report is a case study of the Exxon Valdez oil spill disaster that took place in Prince William Sound, Alaska. Within six hours of the grounding, the Exxon Valdez spilled around 10.9 million gallons of its 53 million gallon cargo of Prudhoe Bay crude oil. Eight of the eleven tanks on board were damaged. Even before this major disaster occurred, they were high risk of oil spill in Prince William Sound. There is still an unclear doubt why this oil spill took place. [1] 3. Aim and objectives of Exxon Mobil Corporation Exxon Mobil Corporation is merged in two companies which is Exxon and Mobil in the year of 1999. It is the worlds largest petroleum and petrochemical company and it is also the worlds leading traded international oil and gas company. Exxon Mobil markets fuel and lubricants are under three brands which are Esso, Exxon and Mobil. The corporation aims and objective is divided into few sectors: 3.1 Development Exxon Mobil is focused on serious and discipline investment decision to find the best solutions that can give a large amount of profit and also the same time increase the reliability and reduce the cost. Exxon Mobil is also focused on many major projects which have started with the design and the operating concept and delivery. 3.2 Employees Exxon Mobil is very choosy in taking in and retaining employers. They need employers who are extremely good and get the best out of them. They make the best of the best by sending them to the best training. They are very committed to maintain their safety during at workplace. A safe work environment enriched by diversity and characterized by open communication, trust and fair treatment.[3] 3.3 Communities Exxon Mobil is base throughout the world. Where ever the, they are very committed to be a good cooperate citizen. They maintain their high ethical standards, obey all applicable laws, rules and regulation and also respect the culture of the respective country. Among all those objectives above, they are more dedicated to running safe and environmentally responsible process. Exxon Mobil Corporation is self-motivated to be at the leading edge of competition in all the aspects of our business. They are very discipline and very selective in estimating the range of capital investment opportunities available to them. They create new ways such as develop proprietary technologies that provide a competitive edge. Their goals are achieved by flawlessly executing business plans and adhering to these guiding principles and the foundation policies. 3.4 Shareholders Exxon Mobil Corporation is committed to enhance the long term period value of the investment dollars trusted to them by the shareholders. At the end the shareholders would be rewarded with their superior returns. The momentum of this would enhance their management of their Corporation. [1] 3.5 Customers To remain successful in an industry, a company has to be firm to please those different perception customers to adapt to their needs. Exxon Mobil commits them self to offer high quality products and services at competitive prices. [1] Refinery Industrial Processes and operations Figure 1: Process Flow Diagram [4] Oil refinery industry is a process where a barrel of raw crude oil that contains a mixture of all sorts of hydrocarbons, is transform it to petrochemical fuel like petrol and diesel. All processes are done by heat, pressure and chemical reaction method. Valves and gadgets is the one regulated when the crude oil runs through many kilo metres of pipes. Computerizes gadgets used to monitor to control and optimize the processes that are undertaken. Refining Process In this industry, refining is the most simplest and common processes is under taken. It starts with the crude oil is been heated up to vaporize the oil in distillation tower. Naturally heavier molecules would not rise as lighter ones in the vapour and with this the vapour can condense with different levels. When the cooling process occurs at various degrees, the liquefied gasses are collected in condensation trays. By this various types of petrochemical material are obtained. [4] 4.2 Treatment The purpose of this process is for hydrocarbon streams to get ready for extra processing and to prepare complete products. Sometimes it includes the elimination or separation of aromatics and naphthenic also as impurities. Chemical or physical separation for instance dissolving, absorption, or precipitation using a variation and combination of processes containing desalting, drying, hydro desulfurizing, solvent refining, sweetening, solvent extraction, and solvent dew axing might be included. 4.3 Catalytic Cracking Catalytic processes are another type of processes. It involves the breaking of heavy molecules into more valuable light molecules. For an example the breaking of low bitumen to diesel or even petrol where this process takes place in a high temperature using an alumina silicate and alumina silicate acts as a catalyst to the process and helps to break down the molecule. This catalyst is in powder form. 4.6 Auxiliary operations and facilities Steam and power generation, process and fire water system, flares and relief system, furnaces and heaters, pumps and valves, supply of steam, air, nitrogen and other plant gases, alarms and sensors, noise and pollution controls, sampling, testing, inspecting, laboratory, control room, maintenance and managerial facilities. [5] 4.4 Other Refining Operations This includes light-ends recovery, sour-water stripping, solid waste and wastewater management, process-water treatment and cooling, storing and management, product movement, hydrogen production, acid and tail-gas treatment and sulphur retrieval. [5] 5. Risks in all areas that lead to disaster 5.1 Human Error Human error is the main contributing factors. The first mate or captain of the tanker Captain Hazelwood was under influence of alcohol, at that time of the incident. The captain was unable to concentrate on his responsibility. This could be avoided if the captain of the ship were more discipline during work. Hazelwood was send to alcohol rehabilitation for 28 days. The management knew about it and they followed his progress in rehab. The mistake the management did was, gave him the responsible to be a captain of vessel again. Instead of reinstating such a major responsible as a captain, they should have given him desk work job. Moreover the third mate who was in charge of the vessel when the major accident occurred. This is because he had very little sleep the night before grounding and they were lacking of staff on board tanker. When the Hazelwood went to sleep, the third mate had to take in charge to manoeuvre the tanker without having enough sleep.[6] 5.2 Failure of Coast Guard Safe proofing method has been established and agreed between State of Alaska, the Coast Guard and the oil industry. This is to avoid human error to occur. This method works when there is a form of iceberg the coast guard has to warn the captains and the captain has to slow down their tankers. However, most of the tankers did not follow to the rules including Exxon Valdez due to profit and eliminate down time. 5.3 Delayed Response Location of Prince Williams Sound is deep so deep in by geographical view, where can be only excessed by air or water made the response slow. Apart from the location, the weather also played another big factor. Due to delayed response on reacting to clean the mess, the oil polluted about 2000km of cost line and about 26000 square kilo meters of sea was contaminated. [10] Consequences Figure 2: State on-scene Coordinators [8] A tanker with crude oil from Prudhoe Bay, Alaska collides with a reef in Alaskas Prince William Sound and 11 million gallons of crude oil spilled into one of the biggest coastlines. The horrible outcome out of the incident could have been reduced but due to the location, it made it hard for the clean-up team and the government to react. Even Exxon Mobile did not react fast due to their unstable system in place to deal with the crisis. There is no any commitment given by Exxon Mobile to ensure that this same incident will occur again. [9] 6.1 Economical The total money to just clean the mess is approximately USD 2.1 billion dollars and fine is USD 5 billion dollars of this was the biggest penalizing fines ever charged out to a company. The total Exxon Mobile had to fork out USD 7.1 billion dollars. Those fishermens were affected badly, till their livelihoods were affected. They were relying on that for surviving. They lost around yearly gross valued at USD 174 million dollars. Due to this tourism industry were affected as well. [8] 6.2 Environmental Ecological system and wildlife were destroyed fully. Shoreline for 1400 miles was affected till they cant find those areas. A total of 1,015 dead Sea otters, 36,466 dead Sea birds 144 dead bald eagles, 302 harbour and more than 100,000 of oiled birds. The number for dead birds was the highest compare to Heneman oil spill happen in 1989. Some species sinked when they die, due to that the whole sea was polluted. Most of the marine mammals fall sick due to ingesting oil while trying to clean oil of their furs or feathers or eating intoxicated prey. [9] Improvement and Changes in the Management System 7.1 Operation Integrity Management System After the oil spill Exxon Mobil Corporation devised a complete 11 point plan which covers from management to employees and everything including facilities and training. Exxon Mobil implemented an approach where safety is a major factor. The multilevel (OIMS) covers an extensive level of element in management system. This elements could classified as leadership management in safety and accountability, design, constructing and maintaining facilities, readiness in facing emergency, adaptation to change, continuous assessment of performance and inquiries in accident and incidents. When this policy been implemented Exxon had to go through a lot of changes and this changes lead to more improve and safe environment. This creates, Exxon Mobil to be the leader for safety in the industry. [4] 7.2 Management Leadership Implementation of safety starts at the management and work itself down to the labour force. This is because at the management level, the planning of the health and safety procedure is done. Thus enforcing safety measures also the responsibility of the management. This is done by identifying the risk involves followed by setting clear performances criteria. This can be done by creating a clear risk management procedure. Once that is done the leadership in the organization should have a strict enforcement policy where everybody involve should be given proper training and additional exposure to the risk and safety measure are involve. [4] 7.3 Construction and Facilities When designing a facilities and construction of the facilities there is different type degree of safeties. For an example when u designing a machinery or tool, in this case best related to a building of a oil tanker. After the catastrophic disaster of Exxon Valdez, the safety emphasis on the design was changed. For an example, tankers now are re-enforced by having double hull and other safety measures are more efficient. The operation safety is emphasis by training where is given to all ship crew. For an example, navigation officers are given training in extreme condition ship manoeuvring. [4] Improvement and Policies After the incident Exxon Mobil had strict recruitment policies where all employees which are new has to go through an alcohol and drug screening. This was also implemented on existing staff and this was done after the incident. If in case there was a employee who was under the influence of any substance on board a vessel would be stopped from sailing again until they can prove that they would not repeat and gone through proper rehabilitation. [4] Conclusion The conclusion is Exxon Valdez was one of the major oil spill disaster. It effect of this incident was wide spread and very devastating. Resulting from a human error and negligence, many innocent people and environment was affected. From this case study it can be said that a good safety plan is required. Management also should always be responsible with their action and measures to prevent such disaster. Given the situation and late response to the disaster made the incident even worse. They were many guidelines that did not followed by the management and employees, for an example the captain who was under the influence of alcohol and the lack of crew members on board. Incident happens because of human error. The crew on board was very badly trained or not trained at all for any kind of situation. Therefore more training needed in future for all the employees, there should be always a body which monitors the training and sets on-going training for all the staffs. The management should also enforce health and safety guidelines in a regular basis. To ensure in the future there will be any similar incidents occurring. There also should be a team that ensures the maintainers of the tanker and equipment on board. The Exxon Valdez spill was a lesson well learned by everyone especially Exxon Mobil Corporation and other oil and gas companies.

The Primitive Nature of Man Revealed in Lord of the Flies :: Lord Flies Essays

The Primitive Nature of Man Revealed in Lord of the Flies      Ã‚  Ã‚   A running theme in Lord of the Flies is that man is savage at heart, always ultimately reverting back to an evil and primitive nature. The cycle of man's rise to power, or righteousness, and his inevitable fall from grace is an important point that book proves again and again, often comparing man with characters from the Bible to give a more vivid picture of his descent. Lord Of The Flies symbolizes this fall in different manners, ranging from the illustration of the mentality of actual primitive man to the reflections of a corrupt seaman in purgatory.    The novel is the story of a group of boys of different backgrounds who are marooned on an unknown island when their plane crashes. As the boys try to organize and formulate a plan to get rescued, they begin to separate and as a result of the dissension a band of savage tribal hunters is formed. Eventually the "stranded boys in Lord of the Flies almost entirely shake off civilized behavior: (Riley 1: 119). When the confusion finally leads to a manhunt [for Ralph], the reader realizes that despite the strong sense of British character and civility that has been instilled in the youth throughout their lives, the boys have backpedaled and shown the underlying savage side existent in all humans. "Golding senses that institutions and order imposed from without are temporary, but man's irrationality and urge for destruction are enduring" (Riley 1: 119).    The novel shows the reader how easy it is to revert back to the evil nature inherent in man. If a group of well-conditioned school boys can ultimately wind up committing various extreme travesties, one can imagine what adults, leaders of society, are capable of doing under the pressures of trying to maintain world relations. Lord of the Flies' apprehension of evil is such that it touches the nerve of contemporary horror as no English novel of its time has done; it takes us, through symbolism, into a world of active, proliferating evil which is seen, one feels, as the natural condition of man and which is bound to remind the reader of the vilest manifestations of Nazi regression (Riley 1: 120).    In the novel, Simon is a peaceful lad who tries to show the boys that there is no monster on the island except the fears that the boys have.

Online Teacing vs. Classroom Teaching Essay

Although it is very traditional for teachers to teach in a classroom, online teaching is rapidly becoming a very important factor in most colleges. Even though teaching in a classroom has its advantages, online teaching also has its advantages as well. Me personally, I would prefer to be in a classroom with an instructor teaching a class. This is because many individuals feel a stronger connection with their teachers and classmates when they are able to interact face to face. It benefits many individuals to see good teaching practices being demonstrated by their own teachers. Teachers can also evaluate the different ways individuals are able to communicate. Also, students are trained hands-on according to the standards and regulations of their state, and can be confident of meeting their state’s requirements. Online classes are gaining more and more legitimacy and are fast becoming a legitimate alternative to traditional classes. It’s a great asset because all students are required to participate in the class, and participation can be measured objectively. Therefore, nobody can skulk in the back of the room and not talk or dominate the conversation. Classes can also be taken from anywhere that has computer access, so people don’t have to put off their education because of distractions or lack of school access. Online courses emphasize reading, writing and discussion elements that are proven to be effective, and that students can use in their own classrooms. Students can do their classes and coursework at any time that is convenient, especially when traditional classes don’t meet. Plus in today’s society computer literacy is more and more a requirement on many jobs and in some classroom settings and online classes requires that students become computer literate. Online classes tend to train future workers for general requirements that are accepted in every state. A student might be trained for certification in almost any state by taking online classes. The question of online teaching programs versus traditional teaching programs isn’t usually a question of which offers the better education, but which education serves the student’s needs better. For those looking to be in that classroom environment, traditional might be better, but for those who have concerns over distance, convenience, or class participation, online classes may provide a solution that works for everyone.

Dreams as Narrative Structure in Wide Sargasso Sea

â€Å"I waited a long time after I heard her snore, then I got up, took the keys and unlocked the door. I was outside holding my candle. Now at last I know why I was brought here and what I have to do† (190). Jean Rhys’s novel, Wide Sargasso Sea (1966),  is a post-colonial response to Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre (1847). The novel  has become a contemporary classic in its own right. In the narrative, the main character, Antoinette, has a series of dreams which serve as a skeletal structure for the book and also as a means of empowerment for Antoinette. The dreams serve as an outlet for Antoinette’s true emotions, which she cannot express in a normal fashion. The dreams also become a guide for how she will take back her own life. While the dreams foreshadow events for the reader, they also illustrate the maturity of the character, each dream becoming more complicated than the previous. Each of the three dreams surface in Antoinette’s mind at a crucial point in the character’s waking life and the development of each dream represents the development of the character throughout the story.   The first dream takes place when Antoinette is a young girl. She had tried to befriend a black Jamaican girl, Tia, who ended up betraying her friendship by stealing her money and her dress, and by calling her â€Å"white nigger† (26). This first dream clearly outlines Antoinette’s fear about what happened earlier in the day and her youthful naivety: I dreamed that I was walking in the forest. Not alone. Someone who hated me was with me, out of sight. I could hear heavy footsteps coming closer and though I struggled and screamed I could not move  (26-27). The dream not only points out her new fears, which have stemmed from the abuse received by her â€Å"friend,† Tia, but also the detachment of her dream world from reality. The dream points out her confusion about what is happening in the world around her. She does not know, in the dream, who is following her, which underlines the fact that she does not realize how many people in Jamaica wish her and her family harm. The fact that, in this dream, she uses only the  past tense, suggests that Antoinette is not yet developed enough to know that the dreams are representational of her life.                                                   Ã‚   Antoinette gains empowerment from this dream, in that it is her first warning of danger.   She wakes up and recognizes that â€Å"nothing would be the same. It would change and go on changing† (27). These words foreshadow future events: the burning of Coulibri, the second betrayal of Tia (when she throws the rock at Antoinette), and her eventual departure from Jamaica. The first dream has matured her mind a bit to the possibility that all things may not be well. Antoinette’s second dream occurs while she is at the convent. Her step-father comes to visit and give her news that a suitor will be coming for her. Antoinette is mortified by this news, saying â€Å"[i]t was like that morning when I found the dead horse. Say nothing and it may not be true† (59). The dream she has that night is, again, frightening but important: Again I have left the house at Coulibri. It is still night and I am walking towards the forest. I am wearing a long dress and thin slippers, so I walk with difficulty, following the man who is with me and holding up the skirt of my dress. It is white and beautiful and I don’t wish to get it soiled. I follow him, sick with fear but I make no effort to save myself; if anyone were to try to save me, I would refuse. This must happen. Now we have reached the forest. We are under the tall dark trees and there is no wind.‘Here?’ He turns and looks at me, his face black with hatred, and when I see this I begin to cry. He smiles slyly.   ‘Not here, not yet,’ he says, and I follow him, weeping. Now I do not try to hold up my dress, it trails in the dirt, my beautiful dress. We are no longer in the forest but in an enclosed garden surrounded by a stone wall and the trees are different trees. I do not know them. There are steps leading upwards. It is too dark t o see the wall or the steps, but I know they are there and I think, ‘It will be when I go up these steps. At the top.’ I stumble over my dress and cannot get up. I touch a tree and my arms hold on to it.   ‘Here, here.’ But I think I will not go any further. The tree sways and jerks as if it is trying to throw me off. Still I cling and the seconds pass and each one is a thousand years. ‘Here, in here,’ a strange voice said, and the tree stopped swaying and jerking. (60) The first observation that can be made by studying this dream is that Antoinette’s character is maturing and becoming more complex. The dream is darker than the first, filled with much more detail and imagery. This suggests that Antoinette is more aware of the world around her, but the confusion of where she is going and who the man guiding her is, makes it clear that Antoinette is still unsure of herself, simply following along because she does not know what else to do.   Secondly, one must note that, unlike the first dream, this is told in the present tense, as if it is happening at the moment and the reader is meant to listen in. Why does she narrate the dream like a story, rather than a memory, as she told it after the first? The answer to this question must be that this dream is a part of her rather than simply something she vaguely experienced. In the first dream, Antoinette does not recognize at all where she is walking or who is chasing her; however, in this dream, while there is still some confusion, she does know that she is in the forest outside Coulibri and that it is a man, rather than â€Å"someone.† Also, the second dream alludes to future events. It is known that her step-father plans to marry Antoinette to an available suitor. The white dress, which she tries to keep from getting â€Å"soiled† represents her being forced into a sexual and emotional relationship. One can assume, then, that the white dress represents a wedding dress and that the â€Å"dark man† would represent Rochester, who she eventually marries and who does eventually grow to hate her.   Thus, if the man represents Rochester, then it is also certain that the changing of the forest at Coulibri into a garden with â€Å"different trees† must represent Antoinette’s leaving the wild Caribbean for â€Å"proper† England. The eventual ending of Antoinette’s physical journey is Rochester’s attic in England and this, also, is foreshadowed in her dream: â€Å"[i]t will be when I go up these steps. At the top.† The third dream takes place in the attic at Thornfield. Again, it takes place after a significant moment; Antoinette had been told by Grace Poole, her caretaker, that she had attacked Richard Mason when he came to visit. At this point, Antoinette has lost all sense of reality or geography. Poole tells her that they are in England and Antoinette responds, â€Å"‘I don’t believe it . . . and I never will believe it’† (183). This confusion of identity and placement carries on into her dream, where it is unclear whether or not Antoinette is awake and relating from memory, or dreaming. The reader is led into the dream, first, by Antoinette’s episode with the red dress. The dream becomes a continuation of the foreshadowing set forth by this dress: â€Å"I let the dress fall on the floor, and looked from the fire to the dress and from the dress to the fire† (186). She continues, â€Å"I looked at the dress on the floor and it was as if the fire had spread across the room. It was beautiful and it reminded me of something I must do. I will remember I thought. I will remember quite soon now† (187). From here, the dream immediately begins. This dream is much longer than both previous and is explained as if not a dream, but reality. This time, the dream is not singularly past tense or present tense, but a combination of both because Antoinette seems to be telling it from memory, as if the events actually happened. She incorporates her dream events with events that had actually taken place: â€Å"At last I was in the hall where a lamp was burning. I remember that when I came. A lamp and the dark staircase and the veil over my face. They think I don’t remember but I do† (188). As her dream progresses, she begins entertaining even more distant memories. She sees Christophine, even asking her for help, which is provided by â€Å"a wall of fire† (189). Antoinette ends up outside, on the battlements, where she remembers many things from her childhood, which flow seamlessly between past and present: I saw the grandfather clock and Aunt Coras patchwork, all colours, I saw the orchids and the stephanotis and the jasmine and the tree of life in flames. I saw the chandelier and the red carpet downstairs and the bamboos and the tree ferns, the gold ferns and the silver . . . and the picture of the Millers Daughter. I heard the parrot call as he did when he saw a stranger, Qui est la? Qui est la? and the man who hated me was calling too, Bertha! Bertha! The wind caught my hair and it streamed out like wings. It might bear me up, I thought, if I jumped to those hard stones. But when I looked over the edge I saw the pool at Coulibri. Tia was there. She beckoned to me and when I hesitated, she laughed. I heard her say, You frightened? And I heard the mans voice, Bertha! Bertha! All this I saw and heard in a fraction of a second. And the sky so red. Someone screamed and I thought Why did I scream? I called Tia! and jumped and woke. (189-90) This dream is filled with symbolism which are important to the reader’s understanding of what has happened and what will happen. They are also a guide to Antoinette. The grandfather clock and flowers, for example, bring Antoinette back to her childhood where she was not always safe but, for a time, felt like she belonged. The fire, which is warm and colorfully red represents the Caribbean, which was Antoinette’s home. She realizes, when Tia calls to her, that her place was in Jamaica all along. Many people wanted Antoinette’s family gone, Coulibri was burned, and yet, in Jamaica, Antoinette had a home. Her identity was ripped away from her by the move to England and especially by Rochester, who, for a time, has been calling her â€Å"Bertha,† a made up name. Each of the dreams in Wide Sargasso Sea has an important significance to the development of the book and the development of Antoinette as a character. The first dream displays her innocence to the reader while awakening Antoinette to the fact that there is real danger ahead. In the second dream, Antoinette foreshadows her own marriage to Rochester and her removal from the Caribbean, where she is no longer sure she belongs. Finally, in the third dream, Antoinette is given back her sense of identity. This last dream provides Antoinette with a course of action for breaking free of her subjugation as Bertha Mason while also foreshadowing to the reader events to come in Jane Eyre.